Yesaya 22:5

22:5 For the sovereign master, ¹  the Lord who commands armies,

has planned a day of panic, defeat, and confusion. ² 

In the Valley of Vision ³  people shout ⁴ 

and cry out to the hill. ⁵ 

Yesaya 63:3

63:3 “I have stomped grapes in the winepress all by myself;

no one from the nations joined me.

I stomped on them ⁶  in my anger;

I trampled them down in my rage.

Their juice splashed on my garments,

and stained ⁷  all my clothes.

Yesaya 63:6

63:6 I trampled nations in my anger,

I made them drunk ⁸  in my rage,

I splashed their blood on the ground.” ⁹ 

[22:5]  ¹ tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here and in vv. 12, 14, 15 is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

[22:5]  ² tn Heb “For [there is] a day of panic, and trampling, and confusion for the master, the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts].”

[22:5]  ³ tn The traditional accentuation of the Hebrew text suggests that this phrase goes with what precedes.

[22:5]  ⁴ tn The precise meaning of this statement is unclear. Some take קִר (qir) as “wall” and interpret the verb to mean “tear down.” However, tighter parallelism (note the reference to crying for help in the next line) is achieved if one takes both the verb and noun from a root, attested in Ugaritic and Arabic, meaning “make a sound.” See J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:404, n. 5.

[22:5]  ⁵ sn Perhaps “the hill” refers to the temple mount.

[63:3]  ⁶ sn Nations, headed by Edom, are the object of the Lord’s anger (see v. 6). He compares military slaughter to stomping on grapes in a vat.

[63:3]  ⁷ tn Heb “and I stained.” For discussion of the difficult verb form, see HALOT 170 s.v. II גאל. Perhaps the form is mixed, combining the first person forms of the imperfect (note the alef prefix) and perfect (note the תי- ending).

[63:6]  ⁸ sn See Isa 49:26 and 51:23 for similar imagery.

[63:6]  ⁹ tn Heb “and I brought down to the ground their juice.” “Juice” refers to their blood (see v. 3).